I don't know enough about differences in vehicles from the 1970s and today to be able to comment on specifics in that regard. I know in the past when this topic has been discussed, there was concern about drilling through a fuel line.
In a typical car, you'd install an anchor on the back sill. It seems that there would be little serious damage that could be done there. Considering that a typical car (sedan) will already have anchors in all back seat positions, it's a moot point.
It's not until you get into 3-row vehicles that you might have fewer anchors than seating positions. In a vehicle like that, you're looking at drilling into the floor, and that gets a little more complex.
If I needed to install a heavy-duty anchor, it's not something I would do without a very great understanding of my vehicle and all its components.